Police swarm Hong Kong ahead of flashpoint anthem debate

Hong Kong riot police ringed the city's legislature on Wednesday to stifle any protests ahead of a debate over a law that bans insulting China's national anthem, the latest measure activists say is chipping away at free speech in the finance hub.

The debate comes days after China announced separate plans to impose a sweeping national security law on Hong Kong following last year's huge and often violent pro-democracy rallies.

That move has prompted US President Donald Trump to warn that Hong Kong might lose its status as a global financial centre if the city's freedoms and vaunted judicial independence are swept aside.

Under a deal agreed with Britain before the city's return to China, Hong Kong is supposed to be guaranteed certain liberties until 2047 that are denied to those on the mainland.

The agreement fuelled the city's rise as a world class financial hub and gave Chinese companies a crucial channel to borrow money.

But in recent years political unrest has swept through the city, something Beijing is determined to end.

The legislature was blockaded and later trashed by demonstrators early on during last year's protests as authorities tried to fast-track an eventually scrapped bill allowing extraditions to the authoritarian mainland.

Police were taking few chances ahead of Wednesday's debate with a law enforcement source telling AFP "thousands" were on standby.

Water-filled barriers surrounded the complex while riot police conducted stop and searches, largely on young people.

Some unions and student groups had called for a general strike but the police presence appeared to succeed in deterring any large protests.

Emergency anti-coronavirus measures also currently ban more than eight people gathering in a public place.

Police said they arrested two teenagers with petrol bombs in their bags. Fencing was also placed on train tracks in one district and metal spikes were thrown onto a road during the morning commute, they added.

Anthem booed

Hong Kong's government is pushing a bill that will criminalise insulting communist China's "March of the Volunteers" anthem, making it punishable by up to three years in jail. 

Beijing has been infuriated by Hong Kongers -- especially football fans -- booing the national anthem to signal dissatisfaction with China.

The city's pro-democracy opposition say the bill is a fresh attempt to criminalise dissent.

Fights have broken out between rival lawmakers over the legislation.

Pro-democracy politicians are prevented from holding a majority in the legislature, only some of whose members are elected by popular vote.

But for months they have used filibustering within a legislative committee to stop the bill reaching the floor for a vote.

The city's pro-Beijing faction seized control of the committee earlier this month -- a move opponents said was unconstitutional.

Wednesday's session is the bill's second reading. A third reading is likely to come next week after which it will become law if approved.

Beijing portrays Hong Kong's democracy protests as a foreign-backed plot to destabilise the motherland.

Activists say their rallies, which have been attended by millions, are the only way to voice opposition in a city without fully free elections.

Last week Beijing announced plans to enact legislation banning secession, subversion, terrorism and foreign interference. 

That law, which has yet to be published in full, will bypass the legislature and be inked in Beijing. 

One measure announced includes plans to allow China's security agencies and secret police to openly set up shop in Hong Kong for the first time. 

The move has alarmed investors and some western governments with the stock market suffering its biggest drop in five years last week.

Hong Kong's unpopular pro-Beijing leader Carrie Lam has said the law will not stifle freedoms although she has yet to see the full details of what Beijing is proposing.